Pneumatic Fender Maintenance&Management
Introduction Pneumatic fenders are an essential piece of protection for modern ships, not only protecting hulls and quay facilities from damage, but also improving ship manoeuvrability and safety. In this
How to Choose the Right Yokohama Pneumatic Fenders?
Introduction
Choosing the right Yokohama Pneumatic Fenders is paramount for ensuring marine safety and performance. In this guide, Jerryborg Marine delve into the key considerations and expert insights to empower you in making informed decisions. Discover the essential factors to navigate confidently in the vast waters with the right fender choice.
Table of Contents
Yokohama fenders
Yokohama fenders are a popular type of floating fender, also known as pneumatic fenders. It uses air as the main medium and utilizes compressed air to absorb collision energy. When the ship is docked, it makes the ship more flexible and soft, thus avoiding the harm caused by collision.
Composition of Yokohama Pneumatic Fender
Yokohama Pneumatic Fenders are made of synthetic wire-reinforced rubber sheets that initially have 50kpa or 80kpa of compressed air inside them. This allows them to move across the water surface, acting as a shock absorber to absorb impacts between two vessels. According to ISO 17357-1:2014, a pneumatic fender consists of the following parts:
1. outer rubber layer:The rubber layer on the outside of the fender effectively protects the fender skeleton from external damage or abrasion of the skeleton and the inner rubber layer.
2. Inner rubber:The rubber layer on the inside of the fender maintains the air pressure inside the fender and prevents gas leakage.
3. Reinforcement Layer：Rubberized dipped tire cord fabric forms the framework material for the fender body.
4. Towing Rings:These are usually fixed at one or both ends of the fender to hold the cord fabric ends in place.
5. Ends:Both ends of the fender have metal parts for added safety and inflatable vents.
Advantages of Yokohama Pneumatic Fenders
Yokohama Pneumatic Fenders have been widely used on tankers, container ships, yachts, offshore platforms, large marinas, military ports, large terminals, and many other places. Compared to other rubber fenders, Yokohama fenders have great advantages in the following areas:
- Ships can absorb a lot of impact energy and have less impact resistance to the ship.
- Yokohama fenders are easier to install.
- Flexible, does not change shape when pressurized.
- Lightweight, practical, and more affordable.
Performance of Yokohama Pneumatic Fender
| Diameter x Length [mm] | 50kPa Performance Data | 80kPa Performance Data | ||||
| Hull Pressure at GEA / kN / m2 | Reaction Force /kN | Energy Absorption /kNm | Hull Pressure at GEA / kN / m2 | Reaction Force /kN | Energy Absorption /kNm | |
| 1000x1500 | 122 | 182 | 32 | 160 | 239 | 45 |
| 1000x2000 | 132 | 257 | 45 | 174 | 338 | 63 |
| 1200x2000 | 126 | 297 | 63 | 166 | 390 | 88 |
| 1350x2500 | 130 | 427 | 102 | 170 | 561 | 142 |
| 1500x3000 | 153 | 579 | 153 | 174 | 761 | 214 |
| 1700x3000 | 128 | 639 | 191 | 168 | 840 | 267 |
| 2000x3500 | 128 | 875 | 308 | 168 | 1150 | 430 |
| 2500x4000 | 137 | 1381 | 663 | 180 | 1815 | 925 |
| 2500x5500 | 148 | 2019 | 943 | 195 | 2653 | 1317 |
| 3300x4500 | 130 | 1884 | 1175 | 171 | 2476 | 1640 |
| 3300x6500 | 146 | 3015 | 1814 | 191 | 3961 | 2532 |
| 3300x10600 | 158 | 5257 | 3067 | 208 | 6907 | 4281 |
| 4500x9000 | 146 | 5747 | 4752 | 192 | 7551 | 6633 |
| *Other sizes can be produced following the client’s requirements. | ||||||
Selection of Yokohama Pneumatic Fenders
Ship owners don’t always consider all the important factors when choosing a fender, and this can be very annoying for them. With the next example, this problem can be solved.
Examples of fender options for small and medium-sized ships
| Tonnage of Vessel (T) | Suitable Size D*L (m) | Vessel Type |
|---|---|---|
| 50 | 0.5*1.0 | Fishing boat |
| 100 | 0.7*1.5 〜1.07.5 | Fishing boat |
| 200 | L0*L5T2*2.0 | Fishing boat and tugboat |
| 300-500 | 1.2*2.0 〜1.525 | Fishing boat and tugboat |
| 1000 | 1.5*2.5 〜1.5*3.0 | Tugboat, transport vessel |
| 3000 | 2.0*3.0~2.0*3.5 | Ocean trawler, transport vessel |
| 10000 | 20*3.5-2.5*4.0 | Transport ship |
Examples of fender options for large ships
| Vessels | Assumed landing speed | Effective motion energy | Suitable Size |
|---|---|---|---|
| (DWT) | (M/S) | (KN.M) | D*L (m) |
| 200000 | 0.15 | 1890 | 3.3*6.5 |
| 150000 | 0.15 | 1417 | 3.3*6.5 |
| 100000 | 0.15 | 945 | 3.0*5.0 |
| 85000 | 0.17 | 1031 | 3.0*6.0 |
| 50000 | 0.1 | 600 | 2.5*5.5 |
| 40000 | 0.2 | 672 | 2.5*5.5 |
| 30000 | 0.22 | 609 | 2.5*5.0 |
| 20000 | 0.25 | 525 | 2.5*4.0 |
| 15000 | 0.26 | 425 | 2.5*4.0 |
| 10000 | 0.28 | 329 | 2.0*4.0 |
Why are pneumatic fenders also called "Yokohama fenders"?
What is the difference between Yokohama fenders and pneumatic fenders? Pneumatic fenders and Yokohama fenders are different names for the same product. This type of marine fender was first produced by a rubber company in Yokohama, Japan, hence the name Yokohama Fender. Since then, pneumatic fenders have been used in large numbers as fenders for docks and ships.
Yokohama fenders are used for ships moored in a harbor and for themselves. Fenders are often used on a ship when it is approaching another ship to transport cargo from one ship to another. Pneumatic fenders are also often used in offshore engineering and dredging operations.
These pneumatic fenders will float like foam or foam-filled fenders because they are filled with air. What is the difference between air-filled Yokohama fenders and foam-filled fenders? See: Pneumatic Vs Foam Fenders.
Yokohama Pneumatic Fender Types
Yokohama Pneumatic Fenders are available in diameters ranging from 300 mm to 4500 mm and in lengths from 500 mm to 9000 mm. In addition, if you have special needs, you can also talk to the fender manufacturer to customize the size you require. All sizes of pneumatic fenders can be equipped with sling-type or heavy-duty chains and tire nets.
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